Montana Gun Laws

Constitutional carry. No magazine limit. Castle doctrine and stand your ground.

Last reviewed against official sources on 2026-09-25. Official state source.

Montana allows constitutional carry for adults 18+. The state has both castle doctrine and stand your ground protections. No magazine limits, assault weapon bans, or waiting periods exist.

Key facts

• Concealed Carry: Constitutional carry — no permit required for adults 18+ (MCA § 45-8-316)
• Open Carry: Permitted without a permit (MCA § 45-8-316)
• Permit to Purchase: Not required
• Assault Weapon Ban: No ban
• Magazine Limit: No limit
• Waiting Period: None
• Universal Background Check: Not required for private sales
• Red Flag Law (ERPO): No state ERPO law
• Castle Doctrine: Yes (MCA § 45-3-103)
• Stand Your Ground: Yes (MCA § 45-3-110)
• Concealed Carry Reciprocity: Honors permits from all other states; visitors 18+ can carry concealed here without one anyway

Frequently asked questions

Do I need a permit to carry in Montana?

No. Montana is a constitutional carry state. Adults 18 and older may carry concealed or openly without a permit.

Does Montana require background checks for private sales?

No. Private firearm transfers in Montana do not require a background check.

Does Montana have a waiting period?

No. Montana does not impose a waiting period for firearm purchases.

Does Montana have a red flag law?

No. Montana has not enacted an extreme risk protection order law.

Does Montana recognize concealed carry permits from other states?

Yes. Montana recognizes valid concealed carry permits from any other state. Because Montana is a constitutional carry state, an adult 18 or older who can legally possess a firearm doesn't need a permit — from Montana or elsewhere — to carry concealed here.

Not legal advice. Laws change; verify with official sources.